Amacandelo ephaneli ye-Photovoltaic sisixhobo sokuvelisa amandla okwenza ngoku ngokuthe ngqo xa sibekwe elangeni, kwaye siquka iiseli eziqinileyo ze-photovoltaic eziphantse zenziwe ngokupheleleyo ngezinto ze-semiconductor ezifana nesilicon.
Ekubeni akukho zixhobo ezihambayo, zinokusebenza ixesha elide ngaphandle kokubangela ukunxiba.Iiseli ze-photovoltaic ezilula ziyakwazi ukunika amandla iiwotshi kunye neekhomputha, ngelixa iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic eziyinkimbinkimbi zinokubonelela ngokukhanya kwezindlu kunye neegridi zamandla.Iindibano zephaneli ze-Photovoltaic zingenziwa kwiimo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye iindibano zinokudityaniswa ukuvelisa umbane ongaphezulu.Amacandelo ephaneli ye-Photovoltaic asetyenziswa kuphahla kunye nezakhiwo, kwaye asetyenziswa njengenxalenye yeefestile, izibane zesibhakabhaka okanye izixhobo zokuthungatha.Olu fakelo lwe-photovoltaic luhlala lubizwa ngokuba ziinkqubo ze-photovoltaic ezifakwe kwisakhiwo.
Iiseli zelanga:
Iiseli zelanga ze-silicon ze-Monocrystalline
I-photoelectric yokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric yeeseli zelanga ze-silicon ye-monocrystalline malunga ne-15%, kwaye iphakamileyo yi-24%, eyona nto iphezulu yokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric yokuguqula zonke iintlobo zeeseli zelanga okwangoku, kodwa iindleko zokuvelisa ziphezulu kangangokuthi azikwazi ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi. kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi.Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.Ekubeni i-silicon ye-monocrystalline ngokubanzi ifakwe kwiglasi epholileyo kunye ne-resin engenamanzi, yomelele kwaye yomelele, kwaye ubomi bayo benkonzo buhlala bufikelela kwiminyaka eyi-15, ukuya kuma-25 eminyaka.
Iiseli zelanga ze-polycrystalline silicon
Inkqubo yokuveliswa kweeseli zelanga ze-polycrystalline silicon ifana ne-monocrystalline silicon iiseli zelanga, kodwa ukuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric ukusebenza kweeseli zelanga ze-polycrystalline silicon ziphantsi kakhulu.ezona seli zelanga ze-polycrystalline ze-silicon ezisebenza kakhulu kwihlabathi).Ngokwexabiso lemveliso, lixabiso eliphantsi kuneeseli zelanga ze-silicon ze-monocrystalline, izinto eziphathekayo zilula ukwenza, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kugcinwa, kwaye ixabiso elipheleleyo lokuvelisa liphantsi, ngoko liphuhliswe kakhulu.Ukongeza, ubomi benkonzo yeeseli zelanga ze-polycrystalline silicon bufutshane kunobo beeseli zelanga ze-silicon ze-monocrystalline.Ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kweendleko, iiseli zelanga ze-silicon ze-monocrystalline zingcono kancinci.
Iiseli zelanga ze-silicon ye-amorphous
I-amorphous silicon i-solar cell luhlobo olutsha lwe-film-film ye-solar cell ebonakala kwi-1976. Ihluke ngokupheleleyo kwindlela yokuvelisa i-silicon ye-monocrystalline kunye ne-polycrystalline silicon iiseli zelanga.Inkqubo yenziwe lula kakhulu, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ze-silicon kuncinci kakhulu, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuphantsi.Inzuzo kukuba inokuvelisa umbane nakwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi.Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki ephambili yeeseli zelanga ze-amorphous silicon kukuba ukuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric ukusebenza kakuhle kuphantsi, inqanaba eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe li malunga ne-10%, kwaye alizinzile ngokwaneleyo.Ngokwandiswa kwexesha, ukusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa kwayo kuyehla.
Iiseli zelanga ezihlanganisiweyo ezininzi
Iiseli zelanga ze-multi-compounds zibhekisela kwiiseli zelanga ezingenziwanga ngezixhobo ze-semiconductor enye.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zophando kumazwe ahlukeneyo, uninzi lwawo aluzange lwenziwe kwimizi-mveliso, ingakumbi kubandakanywa oku kulandelayo: a) iiseli zelanga ze-cadmium sulfide b) iiseli zelanga ze-gallium arsenide c) iiseli zesolar ze-indium selenide zobhedu (i-multi-bandgap gradient Cu (Ku, Ga) Se2 iiseli zelanga ezicekethekileyo zefilimu)
Iimbonakalo:
Inomsebenzi ophezulu wokuguqulwa kweefoto zombane kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu;itekhnoloji yokusasazwa okuphezulu iqinisekisa ukufana koguqulo olusebenzayo kuyo yonke i-chip;iqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kombane okulungileyo, ukubambelela okuthembekileyo kunye ne-electrode solderability elungileyo;Umnatha wocingo oluchanekileyo oluphezulu Imizobo eprintiweyo kunye nokuphakama okuphezulu kwenza ukuba ibhetri ibe lula ukuyidibanisa ngokuzenzekelayo kunye ne-laser cut.
imodyuli yeseli yelanga
1. Laminate
2. I-aluminium alloy ikhusela i-laminate kwaye idlala indima ethile ekutywineni nasekuxhaseni
3. Ibhokisi yeJunction Ikhusela yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla kwaye isebenza njengesikhululo sangoku sokudlulisa.Ukuba icandelo li-short-circuited, ibhokisi yesiphambuka iya kuqhawula ngokuzenzekelayo umtya webhetri wesekethe emfutshane ukukhusela inkqubo yonke ukuba ingatshiswa.Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwibhokisi yokudibanisa kukukhethwa kweediode.Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lweeseli kwimodyuli, iidiode ezihambelanayo nazo zihluke.
4. Umsebenzi wokutywina we-Silicone, osetyenziselwa ukutywina umdibaniso phakathi kwecandelo kunye nesakhelo se-aluminium alloy, icandelo kunye nebhokisi le-junction.Ezinye iinkampani zisebenzisa iteyiphu encamathelayo emacaleni amabini kunye negwebu ukubuyisela ijeli yesilica.ISilicone isetyenziswa kakhulu eTshayina.Inkqubo ilula, ifanelekile, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kwaye iyabiza.isezantsi kakhulu.
isakhiwo se-laminate
1. Iglasi epholileyo: umsebenzi wayo kukukhusela umzimba oyintloko wokuvelisa amandla (njengebhetri), ukukhethwa kokuhanjiswa kokukhanya kuyadingeka, kwaye izinga lokuhambisa ukukhanya kufuneka libe phezulu (ngokubanzi ngaphezu kwe-91%);ultra-white tempered unyango.
2. EVA: Isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa kunye nokulungisa iglasi epholileyo kunye nomzimba oyintloko wokuvelisa amandla (njengeebhetri).Umgangatho wezinto ezibonakalayo ze-EVA zichaphazela ngqo ubomi bemodyuli.I-EVA evezwe emoyeni kulula ukuguga kwaye ijike ibe tyheli, ngaloo ndlela ichaphazela ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwemodyuli.Ukongeza kumgangatho we-EVA ngokwayo, inkqubo yokuthambisa yabenzi beemodyuli nayo inefuthe elikhulu.Ngokomzekelo, i-viscosity ye-adhesive ye-EVA ayikho kumgangatho, kwaye amandla okubambisana kwe-EVA kwiglasi epholileyo kunye ne-backplane akwanelanga, okuya kubangela ukuba i-EVA ibe ngaphambi kwexesha.Ukwaluphala kuchaphazela ubomi becandelo.
3. Umbutho ongundoqo wokuveliswa kwamandla: Owona msebenzi uphambili kukuvelisa umbane.Eyona nto iphambili kwimakethi yokuvelisa amandla ziiseli ze-silicon zekristali zelanga kunye neeseli zelanga zefilimu ezincinci.Zombini zineengenelo kunye nezingeloncedo zazo.Iindleko ze-chip ziphezulu, kodwa ukuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric ukusebenza kakuhle kuphezulu.Ifaneleka ngakumbi kwiiseli zelanga zefilimu ezicekethekileyo ukuvelisa umbane ekukhanyeni kwelanga ngaphandle.Iindleko zezixhobo ezihambelanayo ziphezulu, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kunye neendleko zebhetri ziphantsi kakhulu, kodwa ukuguqulwa kweefoto zombane kungaphezulu kwesiqingatha seseli ye-silicon yekristale.Kodwa umphumo wokukhanya ophantsi ulungile kakhulu, kwaye unokuvelisa umbane phantsi kokukhanya okuqhelekileyo.
4. Izinto eziphathekayo ze-backplane, ukutywinwa, i-insulating kunye ne-waterproof (ngokuqhelekileyo i-TPT, i-TPE, njl.) kufuneka ixhathise ukuguga.Uninzi lwabavelisi bamacandelo banewaranti yeminyaka engama-25.Iglasi epholileyo kunye ne-aluminium alloy zilungile.Isitshixo silele ngasemva.Ingaba ibhodi kunye nejeli ye-silica inokuhlangabezana neemfuno.Hlela iimfuno ezisisiseko zalo mhlathi 1. Inokubonelela ngokwaneleyo amandla omatshini, ukwenzela ukuba imodyuli yeseli yelanga inokumelana noxinzelelo olubangelwa yimpembelelo, i-vibration, njl. ngexesha lokuthutha, ukufakwa kunye nokusetyenziswa, kwaye inokumelana nokucofa isichotho. ;2. Ilungile 3. Inokusebenza kakuhle kokufakelwa kombane;4. Inamandla okumelana ne-ultraviolet;5. I-voltage yokusebenza kunye namandla aphumayo ayilwe ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo.Ukubonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zocingo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zombane, zangoku kunye nemveliso yamandla;
5. Ukulahleka okusebenzayo okubangelwa ukuhlanganiswa kweeseli zelanga kwi-series kunye ne-parallel encinci;
6. Ukudibanisa kweeseli zelanga kunokwethenjelwa;
7. Ubomi obude bokusebenza, obufuna ukuba iimodyuli zeeseli zelanga zisetyenziswe ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 phantsi kweemeko zendalo;
8. Phantsi kweemeko ezikhankanywe ngasentla, iindleko zokupakisha kufuneka zibe phantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Ubalo lwamandla:
Inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla elanga ye-AC yenziwe ngeepaneli zelanga, izilawuli zentlawulo, ii-inverters kunye neebhetri;inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla elanga yeDC ayiquki i-inverter.Ukwenzela ukuba inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla elanga inike amandla okwaneleyo kumthwalo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukhethe ngokufanelekileyo icandelo ngalinye ngokwamandla ombane wombane.Thatha i-100W yokukhupha amandla kwaye uyisebenzise kwiiyure ze-6 ngosuku njengomzekelo ukwazisa indlela yokubala:
1. Okokuqala bala iiwatt-iiyure ezisetyenzisiweyo ngosuku (kubandakanywa nelahleko ye-inverter):
Ukuba ukuguqulwa kokusebenza kakuhle kwe-inverter yi-90%, xa amandla okuvelisa i-100W, amandla afunekayo afunekayo kufuneka abe yi-100W / 90% = 111W;ukuba isetyenziselwa iiyure ezi-5 ngosuku, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla yi-111W * 5 iiyure = 555Wh.
2. Bala ipaneli yelanga:
Ngokwexesha lelanga elisebenzayo lemihla ngemihla leeyure ze-6, kunye nokuqwalasela ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja kunye nokulahleka ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja, amandla okukhutshwa kwepaneli yelanga kufuneka abe yi-555Wh / 6h / 70% = 130W.Phakathi kwabo, i-70% ngamandla okwenene asetyenziswa yipaneli yelanga ngexesha lokutshaja.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-09-2022
