Umgaqo osebenzayo we-inverter:
Ingundoqo yesixhobo se-inverter yisekethe yokuguqula i-inverter, ebizwa ngokuba yi-inverter circuit ngokufutshane.Isekethe igqibezela umsebenzi we-inverter ngokuvula kunye nokucima umbane wombane wombane.
Iimbonakalo:
(1) Ukusebenza okuphezulu kuyafuneka.
Ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu leeseli zelanga okwangoku, ukwenzela ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kweeseli zelanga kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo, kufuneka sizame ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-inverter.
(2) Ukuthembeka okuphezulu kuyadingeka.
Okwangoku, inkqubo yesikhululo samandla e-photovoltaic isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiindawo ezikude, kwaye izikhululo zamandla ezininzi azikhathalelwanga kwaye zigcinwe, nto leyo efuna i-inverter ibe nesakhiwo sesekethe esinengqiqo, ukhetho olungqongqo lwecandelo, kwaye ifuna ukuba inverter ibe nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokukhusela, njengoko: igalelo DC polarity reverse ukhuseleko, imveliso AC ukhuselo lwesekethe elifutshane, overheating, ukukhuselwa overload, njl.
(3) I-voltage yegalelo iyadingeka ukuba ibe noluhlu olubanzi lokulungelelanisa.
Ngenxa yokuba i-terminal voltage yeseli yelanga iyahluka ngomthwalo kunye nokukhanya kwelanga.Ngokukodwa xa ibhetri iguga, i-terminal voltage yayo iyahluka kakhulu.Ngokomzekelo, ibhetri ye-12V, i-terminal voltage yayo inokwahluka phakathi kwe-10V kunye ne-16V, efuna ukuba i-inverter isebenze ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphakathi koluhlu lwe-voltage ye-DC enkulu.
Ukuhlelwa kwe-Photovoltaic inverter:
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuhlela ii-inverters.Ngokomzekelo, ngokwenani lezigaba ze-AC ye-voltage ye-voltage yi-inverter, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-inverters yesigaba esisodwa kunye ne-inverters yesigaba sesithathu;Ukwahlula kwii-transistor inverters, i-thyristor inverters kunye nokucima i-thyristor inverters.Ngokomgaqo wesekethe ye-inverter, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-self-excill oscillation inverter, i-wave wave superposition inverter kunye ne-pulse wide modulation inverter.Ngokutsho kwesicelo kwi-grid-connected system okanye i-off-grid system, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-inverter edibeneyo yegridi kunye ne-off-grid inverter.Ukuze kube lula ukuba abasebenzisi be-optoelectronic bakhethe ii-inverters, apha kuphela ii-inverters zihlelwa ngokwezihlandlo ezahlukeneyo ezisebenzayo.
1. I-inverter ephakathi
Itekhnoloji ye-inverter ephakathi kukuba iintambo ezininzi ezihambelanayo ze-photovoltaic ziqhagamshelwe kwigalelo le-DC ye-inverter efanayo esembindini.Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimodyuli zamandla e-IGBT zesigaba sesithathu zisetyenziselwa amandla aphezulu, kwaye i-transistors ye-field effect isetyenziselwa amandla aphantsi.I-DSP iguqula umlawuli ukuba aphucule umgangatho wamandla avelisiweyo, okwenza ukuba asondele kakhulu kwi-sine wave current, esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo zezityalo zamandla amakhulu e-photovoltaic (> 10kW).Olona phawu lubalaseleyo kukuba amandla enkqubo aphakamileyo kwaye iindleko ziphantsi, kodwa ngenxa yokuba amandla ombane aphumayo kunye nekhoyo ngoku yeentambo ezahlukeneyo zePV zihlala zingahambelani ngokupheleleyo (ingakumbi xa iintambo zePV zivaliwe ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yamafu, umthunzi, amabala. , njl.), i-inverter ephakathi iyamkelwa.Ukutshintsha kwendlela kuya kukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo ye-inverter kunye nokuncipha kwamandla kubasebenzisi bombane.Ngexesha elifanayo, ukuthembeka kokuveliswa kwamandla kwenkqubo yonke ye-photovoltaic kuchaphazelekayo yimeko engasebenzi kakuhle yeqela leyunithi ye-photovoltaic.Isalathiso sophando samva nje kusetyenziso lolawulo lokumodareyitha i-vector yendawo kunye nophuhliso loqhagamshelo olutsha lwe-topological ye-inverters ukufumana ukusebenza okuphezulu phantsi kweemeko zomthwalo ongaphelelanga.
2. Inverter yomtya
I-inverter yomtya isekelwe kwingcamango yemodyuli.Intambo nganye ye-PV (1-5kw) idlula kwi-inverter, inomlinganiselo ophezulu wokulandelela i-peak yamandla kwicala le-DC, kwaye idibaniswe ngokuhambelanayo kwicala le-AC.Eyona inverter idumileyo kwimarike.
Uninzi lwezityalo zamandla e-photovoltaic ezinkulu zisebenzisa ii-inverters zentambo.Inzuzo kukuba ayichaphazeli ukuhluka kwemodyuli kunye ne-shading phakathi kweentambo, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo linciphisa ukungahambi kakuhle phakathi kwendawo yokusebenza efanelekileyo yeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverter, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ukuveliswa kwamandla.Ezi zibonelelo zobugcisa azigcini nje ukunciphisa iindleko zenkqubo, kodwa zandisa ukuthembeka kwenkqubo.Ngelo xesha, ingcamango ye "master-slave" iqaliswa phakathi kweentambo, ukwenzela ukuba inkqubo ikwazi ukudibanisa amaqela amaninzi eentambo ze-photovoltaic kunye kwaye ivumele enye okanye ezininzi zazo zisebenze phantsi kweemeko apho umtya owodwa wamandla awukwazi ukwenza. umsebenzi omnye inverter., ngaloo ndlela kuveliswa umbane ongakumbi.
Ingcamango yamva nje kukuba ii-inverters ezininzi zenza "iqela" kunye nomnye endaweni yengcamango ye-"master-slave", eyenza ukuthembeka kwenkqubo inyathelo eliya phambili.Okwangoku, ii-inverters zentambo ezingenakuguqulwa ziye zalawula.
3. Micro inverter
Kwinkqubo yePV yendabuko, isiphelo segalelo le-DC ye-inverter yentambo nganye ixhunywe kwichungechunge malunga neepaneli ze-photovoltaic ze-10.Xa iipaneli ze-10 zixhunyiwe kwichungechunge, ukuba umntu akasebenzi kakuhle, lo mtya uya kuchaphazeleka.Ukuba i-MPPT efanayo isetyenziselwa amagalelo amaninzi e-inverter, onke amagalelo nawo aya kuchaphazeleka, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla.Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, izinto ezahlukeneyo zokuvala ezifana namafu, imithi, iitshimini, izilwanyana, uthuli, umkhenkce kunye nekhephu ziya kubangela ezi zinto zingasentla, kwaye imeko ixhaphake kakhulu.Kwinkqubo ye-PV ye-micro-inverter, iphaneli nganye ixhunyiwe kwi-micro-inverter.Xa enye yeepaneli ingaphumeleli ukusebenza kakuhle, le ndawo yodwa iya kuchaphazeleka.Zonke ezinye iiphaneli ze-PV ziya kusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, okwenza inkqubo iyonke isebenze ngakumbi kwaye ivelise amandla amaninzi.Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, ukuba i-string inverter ayiphumelelanga, iya kubangela ukuba ii-kilowatts ezininzi zeepaneli zelanga zingaphumeleli ukusebenza, ngelixa impembelelo yokungaphumeleli kwe-micro-inverter incinci kakhulu.
4. Isilungisi samandla
Ukufakwa kwe-optimizer yamandla kwinkqubo yokuvelisa amandla elanga kunokuphucula kakhulu ukuguqulwa kokuguqulwa, kunye nokwenza lula imisebenzi ye-inverter ukunciphisa iindleko.Ukuze uqonde inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla elanga ekrelekrele, isixhobo sokwenza amandla elanga ngokwenene sinokwenza iseli nganye yelanga yenze umsebenzi wayo ongcono kwaye ibeke iliso kwimeko yokusetyenziswa kwebhetri nangaliphi na ixesha.Isilungisi samandla sisixhobo esiphakathi kwenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla kunye ne-inverter, kwaye umsebenzi waso ophambili kukutshintsha indawo yokuqala eyona nto ilungileyo yokulandelela indawo yamandla okusebenza kwi-inverter.I-optimizer yamandla yenza ngokukhawuleza ngokugqithisileyo ukuskena kwendawo yokukhangela amandla ngokulinganisa ngokwenza lula isekethe kunye neseli enye yelanga ihambelana ne-optimizer yamandla, ukwenzela ukuba iseli nganye yelanga ikwazi ukufezekisa ngokunyanisekileyo ukulandelwa kwendawo yamandla, Ukongeza, imeko yebhetri inokuba ibekwe iliso nanini na naphi na ngokufaka itshiphu yonxibelelwano, kwaye ingxaki inokuxelwa ngoko nangoko ukuze abasebenzi abachaphazelekayo bakwazi ukuyilungisa ngokukhawuleza.
Umsebenzi we-photovoltaic inverter
I-inverter ayinayo kuphela umsebenzi wokuguqulwa kwe-DC-AC, kodwa inomsebenzi wokwandisa ukusebenza kweseli yelanga kunye nomsebenzi wokukhusela impazamo yenkqubo.Ukushwankathela, kukho ukusebenza okuzenzekelayo kunye nokuvalwa komsebenzi, umsebenzi wokulawula ukulandelwa kwamandla aphezulu, umsebenzi wokusebenza ochasene nokuzimela (kwinkqubo edityanisiweyo yegridi), umsebenzi wokulungelelaniswa kombane ozenzekelayo (kwinkqubo edityanisiweyo yegridi), umsebenzi wokufumanisa i-DC (yegridi- inkqubo eqhagamshelweyo), i-DC yokubona i-grounding Function (yeendlela ezidityaniswe ngegridi).Nantsi intshayelelo emfutshane yokusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nemisebenzi yokuvala kunye nomsebenzi wokulawula ukulandelwa kwamandla aphezulu.
(1) Ukusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nomsebenzi wokuyeka
Emva kokuphuma kwelanga ekuseni, amandla emitha yelanga ayanda ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye imveliso yeseli yelanga nayo iyanda.Xa amandla aphumayo afunwa yi-inverter efikelelwe, i-inverter iqala ukusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo.Emva kokungena ekusebenzeni, i-inverter iya kubeka iliso kwimveliso yemodyuli yeseli yelanga lonke ixesha.Ngethuba nje amandla okuvelisa imodyuli yeseli yelanga inkulu kunamandla afunekayo ukuze i-inverter isebenze, i-inverter iya kuqhubeka isebenza;liya kumisa ukutshona kwelanga, nokuba kukho amafu nemvula.I-inverter nayo inokusebenza.Xa imveliso yemodyuli yeseli yelanga iba yincinci kwaye imveliso ye-inverter isondele kwi-0, i-inverter iya kwenza i-standby state.
(2) Ubuninzi bomsebenzi wokulawula ukulandelwa kwamandla
Imveliso yemodyuli yeseli yelanga iyahluka kunye nobukhulu bemitha yelanga kunye nobushushu bemodyuli yeseli yelanga ngokwayo (ubushushu be-chip).Ukongezelela, ekubeni imodyuli yeseli yelanga inesimo sokuba i-voltage iyancipha ngokunyuka kwangoku, kukho indawo efanelekileyo yokusebenza apho amandla amaninzi angafumaneka.Ubunzulu bemitha yelanga buyatshintsha, kwaye ngokucacileyo eyona ndawo ilungileyo yokusebenza iyatshintsha.Ngokumalunga nolu tshintsho, indawo yokusebenza yemodyuli yeseli yelanga ihlala ikwindawo ephezulu yamandla, kwaye inkqubo ihlala ifumana amandla aphezulu aphuma kwimodyuli yeseli yelanga.Olu lawulo lolona lawulo lokulandelela amandla aphezulu.Olona phawu lukhulu lwee-inverters kwiinkqubo zamandla elanga kukuba lubandakanya umsebenzi wokulandelela ubungakanani bamandla obuninzi (MPPT).
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-26-2022
